Results for building-blocks-testing

This gem makes it easy to build PageObjects and make your acceptance tests more object oriented. It includes a implementations for common elements like tables, tabs, navigations etc.

Store lazily evaluated blocks for building test fixtures

WARNING: No longer much maintained. A ruby framework to build complex selenium tests around PrestaShop. This gem provides building blocks to create advanced test scenarios in a very consise way.

Crowdfund is a Ruby program developed based on Pragmatic Studio's Ruby Programming hands-on video course, and distributed as a Ruby gem. This program has been developed using all the strengths of Ruby including the following. Ruby Programming Environment * Installing Ruby on your favorite operating system (free exercise) * Running Ruby using the interactive Ruby shell (irb) and writing Ruby program files * Using Ruby's documentation system to get help * Installing external Ruby libraries using RubyGems * Troubleshooting common problems Ruby Language Constructs * Expressions and variables * Numbers, string, and symbols (free video & exercise) * Loops and conditional expressions * Arrays and hashes (free video & exercise on hashes) * Classes, modules, and structs Object-Oriented Programming * Using built-in Ruby classes * Defining your own classes with state and behavior (free video & exercise) * Creating unique objects * Telling objects what to do by calling methods * Modeling class-level inheritance relationships * Sharing code with mixins Object-Oriented Design Principles * Encapsulation * Separation of concerns * Polymorphism * Don't Repeat Yourself * Tell, Don't Ask Blocks and Iterators * Calling built-in methods that take blocks * Writing your own methods that yield to blocks * Implementing custom iterators * Effectively using blocks in your programs Organizing Ruby Code * Creating a Ruby project structure * Separating source files for easier reuse and testing * Namespacing to avoid naming clashes * Input/Output * Reading data from files * Writing data to files * Creating an interactive console prompt * Handling command-line input Unit Testing * Writing and running unit tests with RSpec * Test-driven development and the red-green-refactor cycle * Stubbing methods to control tests * Refactoring code, safely! Distribution * Conforming to RubyGems conventions * Writing a GemSpec * Building a RubyGem * Publishing a RubyGem to a public server Ruby Programming Idioms

== USAGE: require 'matlab' engine = Matlab::Engine.new engine.put_variable "x", 123.456 engine.put_variable "y", 789.101112 engine.eval "z = x * y" engine.get_variable "z" matrix = Matlab::Matrix.new(20, 400) 20.times { |m| 400.times { |n| matrix[m, n] = rand } } engine.put_variable "m", matrix engine.save "/tmp/20_x_400_matrix" engine.close # May also use block syntax for new Matlab::Engine.new do |engine| engine.put_variable "x", 123.456 engine.get_variable "x" end == REQUIREMENTS: * MATLAB * GCC or some other compiler to build the included extension * SWIG (If you want to recompile the SWIG wrapper) * Mocha (For testing only)

Studio Game is a Ruby program developed based on Pragmatic Studio' Ruby Programming hands-on video course, and distributed as a Ruby gem. This program has been developed using all the strengths of Ruby including the following. Ruby Programming Environment * Installing Ruby on your favorite operating system (free exercise) * Running Ruby using the interactive Ruby shell (irb) and writing Ruby program files * Using Ruby's documentation system to get help * Installing external Ruby libraries using RubyGems * Troubleshooting common problems Ruby Language Constructs * Expressions and variables * Numbers, string, and symbols (free video & exercise) * Loops and conditional expressions * Arrays and hashes (free video & exercise on hashes) * Classes, modules, and structs Object-Oriented Programming * Using built-in Ruby classes * Defining your own classes with state and behavior (free video & exercise) * Creating unique objects * Telling objects what to do by calling methods * Modeling class-level inheritance relationships * Sharing code with mixins Object-Oriented Design Principles * Encapsulation * Separation of concerns * Polymorphism * Don't Repeat Yourself * Tell, Don't Ask Blocks and Iterators * Calling built-in methods that take blocks * Writing your own methods that yield to blocks * Implementing custom iterators * Effectively using blocks in your programs Organizing Ruby Code * Creating a Ruby project structure * Separating source files for easier reuse and testing * Namespacing to avoid naming clashes * Input/Output * Reading data from files * Writing data to files * Creating an interactive console prompt * Handling command-line input Unit Testing * Writing and running unit tests with RSpec * Test-driven development and the red-green-refactor cycle * Stubbing methods to control tests * Refactoring code, safely! Distribution * Conforming to RubyGems conventions * Writing a GemSpec * Building a RubyGem * Publishing a RubyGem to a public server Ruby Programming Idioms

# better-initialize A friendlier, dependency-free initialize method for ruby objects. ## Usage Gemfile: gem 'better-initialize', github: 'huned/better-initialize' Code: require 'better_initialize' class Pizza include BetterInitialize attr_accessor :size, :toppings end # Instantiate with attributes. Pizza.new(size: :large, toppings: %i[mushrooms peppers]) # Instantiate with attributes and a block. Pizza.new(size: :large) do |pizza| pizza.toppings = %w[mushrooms peppers] Oven.bake!(pizza) end ## Development Environment (OSX) brew install rbenv ruby-build git clone git@github.com:huned/better-initialize rbenv install -k `cat .ruby-version` bundle exec ruby test/run.rb

{<img src="https://secure.travis-ci.org/socialcast/socialcast-shoulda-ext.png?branch=master" alt="Build Status" />}[http://travis-ci.org/socialcast/socialcast-shoulda-ext] = Socialcast Shoulda Extensions Adds new matchers and functionality to the shoulda test library = Installation In your Gemfile: group :test do gem 'socialcast_shoulda_ext', :git => 'git@github.com:socialcast/socialcast-shoulda-ext.git', :require => 'shoulda_ext' end If you want to include the trigger_callbacks matcher, also add the following to your test helper: ShouldaExt::Matchers::TriggerCallbackMatcher.attach_active_record_callback_hooks! = Matchers == RecordCountChangeMatcher Test if the count for a model has changed, and by how much. Requires the context_with_matcher_before_hooks patch, which is included by default. Provides the following matcher methods: - create_record(klass_or_symbol) Alias for change_record_count.for(klass_or_symbol).by(1) - create_records(klass_or_symbol, amount) Alias for change_record_count.for(klass_or_symbol).by(amount) - destroy_record(klass_or_symbol) Alias for change_record_count.for(klass_or_symbol).by(-1) - destroy_records(klass_or_symbol, amount) Alias for change_record_count.for(klass_or_symbol).by(-amount) - change_record_count Tests the difference in record count before and after the current setup/subject block Can be used with the follow methods: - for(klass_or_symbol) Provides the class which the test is being performed on. Can be a constant or a symbol - by(amount) Provides an expected difference for the number of records for the specified class. Excluding this number will allow the matcher to check for any difference Examples: context "creating a blog article" do context "with good parameters" do setup do post :create, :blog => {:title => 'my blog post', :body => 'Ipsum lorem...'} end should create_record :blog end context "without a body" do setup do post :create, :blog => {:title => 'my blog post' } end should_not create_record Blog end end == RespondWithJson Check if the controller's response is json Examples: context ":index.json" do setup do get :index, :format => 'json' end # Just check to see that the response was json should respond_with_json # Evaluate the hash produced by the json yourself should respond_with_json { |json| json.first['blog']['title'] == 'blog post 1'} # Provide an exact match should respond_with_json.exactly(['blog' => {'id' => 1, 'title' => 'blog post 1'}]) # Provide an exact match with a block should response_with_json.exactly{ |json| JSON.parse(Blog.all.to_json)} end context ":index.html" do setup do get :index end # or the negation should_not respond_with_json end == TriggerCallbackMatcher Test if create, update, destroy, or save callbacks were triggered. Requires running ShouldaExt::Matchers::TriggerCallbackMatcher.attach_active_record_callback_hooks! in your test suite in order to work properly. Examples: context "doing nothing to a record" do subject { Blog.new :title => 'blog title' } should_not trigger_callbacks end context "creating a record" do subject { Blog.create! :title => 'blog title' } should trigger_callbacks.for :create should_not trigger_callbacks.for :update, :destroy end = Integrations Currently only integrates with test/unit. RSpec support to come. = Shoulda Extensions == ContextWithMatcherBeforeHooks Adds the ability to define a 'before' method on any method which will be run before each context's setup/subject block. Used by RecordCountChangeMatcher to record the number of records before the tested operation takes place.

<!-- TABLE OF CONTENTS --> <details open="open"> <summary>Table of Contents</summary> <ol> <li> <a href="#about-the-project">About The Project</a> <ul> <li><a href="#built-with">Built With</a></li> </ul> </li> <li> <a href="#getting-started">Getting Started</a> <ul> <li><a href="#prerequisites">Prerequisites</a></li> <li><a href="#installation">Installation</a></li> </ul> </li> <li><a href="#usage">Usage</a></li> <li><a href="#roadmap">Roadmap</a></li> <li><a href="#contributing">Contributing</a></li> <li><a href="#license">License</a></li> <li><a href="#contact">Contact</a></li> <li><a href="#acknowledgements">Acknowledgements</a></li> </ol> </details> <!-- ABOUT THE PROJECT --> ## About The Project [![Product Name Screen Shot][Screenshot of gameplay and test list]](https://www.dropbox.com/s/mu1rrbx2mqowjkn/studio-game.png?dl=0) This game is a project built following the [Pragmatic Studio Ruby Course](https://online.pragmaticstudio.com/courses/ruby/). I absolutely adored going through this course, because it was unlike other courses in that the main focus wasn't syntax, but how to build a principle-driven, object-oriented program that contains many of the skills we'd need to build real-world projects. The instructors purposefully created exercises to let us build a program using the skills they demonstrated by building a different program. This wasn't a copy and paste kind of course. This game was actually my second run-through, where I test-drove everything from the start based on the objectives only. Skills I valued developing further with this project: - Test-driven development (50+ tests). - Using inheritance to model "is-a" relationships. For example, a clumsy player *is a* kind of player. - Using mixins (modules) to reuse behaviours that are common between classes, but should not be modeled with an inheritance relationship. A good tip was to look for 'able' behaviors in a class to extract, like 'playable', 'printable', 'taxable' etc. - Using a file block which lets you add in class usage examples that are only run when you run the class file specifically. - Overriding default methods (like sort, and renaming things so that they keep a specific format) Things I struggled with: - Testing behaviour that uses blocks. I had a lightbulb moment when I realised I should test the behaviour performed inside the block on a single item. Testing the output of an entire block is like testing Ruby syntax works. Alternatively, test the before and after state of something that changes as a result of using a block. Cooool. - Puts. It felt wrong to use puts to show the output in the console. I'd like to learn how to seperate the view logic for a command-line project later. Things I did to make it my own: - Wrote a lot more tests for my second run-through. - Noticed and extracted further 'able' behaviours into modules (like printing stats, formatting output and handling csv files). ### Built With * [Ruby (language)](https://www.ruby-lang.org/en/) * [RSpec (framework)](https://rspec.info/) * [Vim (text-editor)](https://www.vim.org/) <!-- GETTING STARTED --> ## Getting Started To get a local copy up and running follow these steps: ### Prerequisites This is an example of how to list things you need to use the software and how to install them. * gem ```sh npm install npm@latest -g ``` ### Installation 1. Install the gem ```sh gem install studio_game_2021 ``` <!-- USAGE EXAMPLES --> ## Usage To play a game from the command-line, open a new command project and run the command-line script like so: ```sh studio_game ``` Or, if you'd like to use the game as a library, here's an example of how to use it in `irb`. You can also check the bottom of each class or module file for further usage instructions ``` >> require 'studio_game/game' => true >> game = StudioGame::Game.new("Knuckleheads") => #<StudioGame::Game:0x007fdea10252d8 @title="Knuckleheads", @players=[]> >> player = StudioGame::Player.new("Moe", 90) => I'm Moe with health = 90, points = 0, and score = 90. >> game.add_player(player) => [I'm Moe with health = 90, points = 0, and score = 90.] >> game.play(1) ``` <!-- ROADMAP --> ## Roadmap I plan to customize this game further now that I have a solid foundation to explore from. It'll be fun to let the players interact with each other more, like swapping treasures, and maybe add some kind of board game with it's own features. That's my next focus. ## Contributing Feel free to fork this project and play around with it. Open to feedback-related pr requests. <!-- LICENSE --> ## License Distributed under the MIT License. See `LICENSE` for more information. <!-- CONTACT --> ## Contact Becca - [@becca9941](https://twitter.com/Becca9941) - becca@essentialistdev.com Project Link: [https://gitlab.com/EssentialistDev/studio-game](https://gitlab.com/EssentialistDev/studio-game) <!-- ACKNOWLEDGEMENTS --> ## Acknowledgements - [Pragmatic Studio](https://online.pragmaticstudio.com/courses/ruby/) for empowering me with awesome new development skills. - [Best-README-Template](https://github.com/Becca9941/Best-README-Template) for helping me write a README for this project.

abstract_feature_branch is a Ruby gem that provides a unique variation on the Branch by Abstraction Pattern by Paul Hammant and the Feature Toggles Pattern by Martin Fowler to enhance team productivity and improve software fault tolerance. It provides the ability to wrap blocks of code with an abstract feature branch name, and then specify in a configuration file which features to be switched on or off. The goal is to build out upcoming features in the same source code repository branch (i.e. Continuous Integration and Trunk-Based Development), regardless of whether all are completed by the next release date or not, thus increasing team productivity by preventing integration delays. Developers then disable in-progress features until they are ready to be switched on in production, yet enable them locally and in staging environments for in-progress testing. This gives developers the added benefit of being able to switch a feature off after release should big problems arise for a high risk feature. abstract_feature_branch additionally supports Domain Driven Design's pattern of Bounded Contexts by allowing developers to configure context-specific feature files if needed. abstract_feature_branch is one of the simplest and most minimalistic "Feature Flags" Ruby gems out there as it enables you to get started very quickly by simply leveraging YAML files without having to set up a data store if you do not need it (albeit, you also have the option to use Redis as a very fast in-memory data store).

# XQuery [](https://gitter.im/JelF/xquery?utm_source=badge&amp;utm_medium=badge&amp;utm_campaign=pr-badge&amp;utm_content=badge) [](https://travis-ci.org/JelF/xquery) [](https://codeclimate.com/github/JelF/xquery) [](https://codeclimate.com/github/JelF/xquery/coverage) [](https://codeclimate.com/github/JelF/xquery) XQuery is designed to replace boring method call chains and allow to easier convert it in a builder classes ## Usage of `XQuery` function `XQuery` is a shortcat to `XQuery::Generic.with` ``` r = XQuery(''.html_safe) do |q| # similar to tap q &lt;&lt; 'bla bla bla' q &lt;&lt; 'bla bla bla' # using truncate q.truncate(15) # real content (q.send(:query)) mutated q &lt;&lt; '!' end r # =&gt; "bla bla blab...!" ``` ## Usage of `XQuery::Abstract` I designed this gem to help me with `ActiveRecord` Queries, so i inherited `XQuery::Abstract` and used it's powers. It provides the following features ### `wrap_method` and `wrap_methods` when you call each of this methods they became automatically wrapped (`XQuery::Abstract` basically wraps all methods query `#respond_to?`) It means, that there are instance methods with same name defined and will change a `#query` to their call result. ``` self.query = query.foo(x) # is basically the same as foo(x) # when `wrap_method :foo` called ``` You can also specify new name using `wrap_method :foo, as: :bar` syntax ### `q` object `q` is a proxy object which holds all of wrapped methods, but not methods you defined inside your class. E.g. i have defined `wrap_method(:foo)`, but also delegated `#foo` to some another object. If i call `q.foo`, i will get wrapped method. Note, that if you redefine `#__foo` method, q.foo will call it instead of normal work. You can add additional methods to `q` using something like `alias_on_q :foo`. I used it with `kaminary` and it was useful ``` def page=(x) apply { |query| query.page(x) } end alias_on_q :page= def page query.current_page end alias_on_q :page ``` ### `query_superclass` You should specify `query_superclass` class_attribute to inherit `XQuery::Abstract`. Whenever `query.is_a?(query_superclass)` evaluate to false, you will get `XQuery::QuerySuperclassChanged` exception. It can save you much time when your class misconfigured. E.g. you are using `select!` and it returns `nil`, because why not? ### `#apply` method `#apply` does exact what it source tells ``` # yields query inside block # @param block [#to_proc] # @return [XQuery::Abstract] self def apply(&amp;block) self.query = block.call(query) self end ``` It is usefull to merge different queries. ### `with` class method You can get XQuery functionality even you have not defined a specific class (You are still have to inherit XQuery::Abstract to use it) You can see it in this document when i described `XQuery` function. Note, that it yields a class instance, not `q` object. It accepts any arguments, they will be passed to a constructor (except block) ### `execute` method Preferred way to call public instance methods. Resulting query would be returned

# Rake::ToolkitProgram Create toolkit programs easily with `Rake` and `OptionParser` syntax. Bash completions and usage help are baked in. ## Installation Add this line to your application's Gemfile: ```ruby gem 'rake-toolkit_program' ``` And then execute: $ bundle Or install it yourself as: $ gem install rake-toolkit_program ## Quickstart * Shebang it up (in a file named `awesome_tool.rb`) ```ruby #!/usr/bin/env ruby ``` * Require the library ```ruby require 'rake/toolkit_program' ``` * Make your life easier ```ruby Program = Rake::ToolkitProgram ``` * Define your command tasks ```ruby Program.command_tasks do desc "Build it" task 'build' do # Ruby code here end desc "Test it" task 'test' => ['build'] do # Rake syntax ↑↑↑↑↑↑↑ for dependencies # Ruby code here end end ``` You can use `Program.args` in your tasks to access the other arguments on the command line. For argument parsing integrated into the help provided by the program, see the use of `Rake::Task(Rake::ToolkitProgram::TaskExt)#parse_args` below. * Wire the mainline ```ruby Program.run(on_error: :exit_program!) if $0 == __FILE__ ``` * In the shell, prepare to run the program (UNIX/Linux systems only) ```console $ chmod +x awesome_tool.rb $ ./awesome_tool.rb --install-completions Completions installed in /home/rtweeks/.bashrc Source /home/rtweeks/.bash-complete/awesome_tool.rb-completions for immediate availability. $ source /home/rtweeks/.bash-complete/awesome_tool.rb-completions ``` * Ask for help ```console $ ./awesome_tool.rb help *** ./awesome_tool.rb Toolkit Program *** . . . ``` ## Usage Let's look at a short sample toolkit program -- put this in `awesome.rb`: ```ruby #!/usr/bin/env ruby require 'rake/toolkit_program' require 'ostruct' ToolkitProgram = Rake::ToolkitProgram ToolkitProgram.title = "My Awesome Toolkit of Awesome" ToolkitProgram.command_tasks do desc <<-END_DESC.dedent Fooing myself I'm not sure what I'm doing, but I'm definitely fooing! END_DESC task :foo do a = ToolkitProgram.args puts "I'm fooed#{' on a ' if a.implement}#{a.implement}" end.parse_args(into: OpenStruct.new) do |parser, args| parser.no_positional_args! parser.on('-i', '--implement IMPLEMENT', 'An implement on which to be fooed') do |val| args.implement = val end end end if __FILE__ == $0 ToolkitProgram.run(on_error: :exit_program!) end ``` Make sure to `chmod +x awesome.rb`! What does this support? $ ./awesome.rb foo I'm fooed $ ./awesome.rb --help *** My Awesome Toolkit of Awesome *** Usage: ./awesome.rb COMMAND [OPTION ...] Avaliable options vary depending on the command given. For details of a particular command, use: ./awesome.rb help COMMAND Commands: foo Fooing myself help Show a list of commands or details of one command Use help COMMAND to get more help on a specific command. $ ./awesome.rb help foo *** My Awesome Toolkit of Awesome *** Usage: ./awesome.rb foo [OPTION ...] Fooing myself I'm not sure what I'm doing, but I'm definitely fooing! Options: -i, --implement IMPLEMENT An implement on which to be fooed $ ./awesome.rb --install-completions Completions installed in /home/rtweeks/.bashrc Source /home/rtweeks/.bash-complete/awesome.rb-completions for immediate availability. $ source /home/rtweeks/.bash-complete/awesome.rb-completions $ ./awesome.rb <tab><tab> foo help $ ./awesome.rb f<tab> ↳ ./awesome.rb foo $ ./awesome.rb foo <tab> ↳ ./awesome.rb foo -- $ ./awesome.rb foo --<tab><tab> --help --implement $ ./awesome.rb foo --i<tab> ↳ ./awesome.rb foo --implement $ ./awesome.rb foo --implement <tab><tab> --help awesome.rb $ ./awesome.rb foo --implement spoon I'm fooed on a spoon ### Defining Toolkit Commands Just define tasks in the block of `Rake::ToolkitProgram.command_tasks` with `task` (i.e. `Rake::DSL#task`). If `desc` is used to provide a description, the task will become visible in help and completions. When a command task is initially defined, positional arguments to the command are available as an `Array` through `Rake::ToolkitProgram.args`. ### Option Parsing This gem extends `Rake::Task` with a `#parse_args` method that creates a `Rake::ToolkitProgram::CommandOptionParser` (derived from the standard library's `OptionParser`) and an argument accumulator and `yield`s them to its block. * The arguments accumulated through the `Rake::ToolkitProgram::CommandOptionParser` are available to the task in `Rake::ToolkitProgram.args`, replacing the normal `Array` of positional arguments. * Use the `into:` keyword of `#parse_args` to provide a custom argument accumulator object for the associated command. The default argument accumulator constructor can be defined with `Rake::ToolkitProgram.default_parsed_args`. Without either of these, the default accumulator is a `Hash`. * Options defined using `OptionParser#on` (or any of the variants) will print in the help for the associated command. ### Positional Arguments Accessing positional arguments given after the command name depends on whether or not `Rake::Task(Rake::ToolkitProgram::TaskExt)#parse_args` has been called on the command task. If this method is not called, positional arguments will be an `Array` accessible through `Rake::ToolkitProgram.args`. When `Rake::Task(Rake::ToolkitProgram::TaskExt)#parse_args` is used: * `Rake::ToolkitProgram::CommandOptionParser#capture_positionals` can be used to define how positional arguments are accumulated. * If the argument accumulator is a `Hash`, the default (without calling this method) is to assign the `Array` of positional arguments to the `nil` key of the `Hash`. * For other types of accumulators, the positional arguments are only accessible if `Rake::ToolkitProgram::CommandOptionParser#capture_positionals` is used to define how they are captured. * If a block is given to this method, the block of the method will receive the `Array` of positional arguments. If it is passed an argument value, that value is used as the key under which to store the positional arguments if the argument accumulator is a `Hash`. * `Rake::ToolkitProgram::CommandOptionParser#expect_positional_cardinality` can be used to set a rule for the count of positional arguments. This will affect the _usage_ presented in the help for the associated command. * `Rake::ToolkitProgram::CommandOptionParser#map_positional_args` may be used to transform (or otherwise process) positional arguments one at a time and in the context of options and/or arguments appearing earlier on the command line. ### Convenience Methods * `Rake::Task(Rake::ToolkitProgram::TaskExt)#prohibit_args` is a quick way, for commands that accept no options or positional arguments, to declare this so the help and bash completions reflect this. It is equivalent to using `#parse_args` and telling the parser `parser.expect_positional_cardinality(0)`. * `Rake::ToolkitProgram::CommandOptionParser#no_positional_args!` is a shortcut for calling `#expect_positional_cardinality(0)` on the same object. * `Rake::Task(Rake::ToolkitProgram::TaskExt)#invalid_args!` and `Rake::ToolkitProgram::CommandOptionParser#invalid_args!` are convenient ways to raise `Rake::ToolkitProgram::InvalidCommandLine` with a message. ## OptionParser in Rubies Before and After v2.4 The `OptionParser` class was extended in Ruby 2.4 to simplify capturing options into a `Hash` or other container implementing `#[]=` in a similar way. This gem supports that, but it means that behavior varies somewhat between the pre-2.4 era and the 2.4+ era. To have consistent behavior across that version change, the recommendation is to use a `Struct`, `OpenStruct`, or custom class to hold program options rather than `Hash`. ## Development After checking out the repo, run `bin/setup` to install dependencies. You can also run `bin/console` for an interactive prompt that will allow you to experiment. To install this gem onto your local machine, run `bundle exec rake install`. To release a new version, update the version number in `version.rb`, and then run `bundle exec rake release`, which will create a git tag for the version, push git commits and tags, and push the `.gem` file to [rubygems.org](https://rubygems.org). To run the tests, use `rake`, `rake test`, or `rspec spec`. Tests can only be run on systems that support `Kernel#fork`, as this is used to present a pristine and isolated environment for setting up the tool. If run using Ruby 2.3 or earlier, some tests will be pending because functionality expects Ruby 2.4's `OptionParser`. ## Contributing Bug reports and pull requests are welcome on GitHub at https://github.com/PayTrace/rake-toolkit_program. For further details on contributing, see [CONTRIBUTING.md](./CONTRIBUTING.md).

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