Results for char-code-at

Converts 2-char ISO country codes to 3-char.

Inline allows you to write foreign code within your ruby code. It automatically determines if the code in question has changed and builds it only when necessary. The extensions are then automatically loaded into the class/module that defines it. You can even write extra builders that will allow you to write inlined code in any language. Use Inline::C as a template and look at Module#inline for the required API. == Features/Problems: * Quick and easy inlining of your C or C++ code embedded in your ruby script. * Extendable to work with other languages. * Automatic conversion between ruby and C basic types * char, unsigned, unsigned int, char *, int, long, unsigned long * inline_c_raw exists for when the automatic conversion isn't sufficient. * Only recompiles if the inlined code has changed. * Pretends to be secure. * Only requires standard ruby libraries, nothing extra to download.

This gem removes common margin from indented strings, such as the ones produced by indented heredocs. In other words, it strips out leading whitespace chars at the beggining of each line, but only as much as the line with the smallest margin. It is acknowledged that many strings defined by heredocs are just code and fact is that most parsers are insensitive to indentation. If, however, the strings are to be used otherwise, be it for printing or testing, the extra indentation will probably be an issue and hence this gem.

== ICU4R - ICU Unicode bindings for Ruby ICU4R is an attempt to provide better Unicode support for Ruby, where it lacks for a long time. Current code is mostly rewritten string.c from Ruby 1.8.3. ICU4R is Ruby C-extension binding for ICU library[1] and provides following classes and functionality: * UString: - String-like class with internal UTF16 storage; - UCA rules for UString comparisons (<=>, casecmp); - encoding(codepage) conversion; \ - Unicode normalization; - transliteration, also rule-based; Bunch of locale-sensitive functions: - upcase/downcase; - string collation; \ - string search; - iterators over text line/word/char/sentence breaks; \ - message formatting (number/currency/string/time); - date and number parsing. * URegexp - unicode regular expressions. * UResourceBundle - access to resource bundles, including ICU locale data. * UCalendar - date manipulation and timezone info. * UConverter - codepage conversions API * UCollator - locale-sensitive string comparison == Install and usage > ruby extconf.rb > make && make check > make install Now, in your scripts just require 'icu4r'. To create RDoc, run > sh tools/doc.sh == Requirements To build and use ICU4R you will need GCC and ICU v3.4 libraries[2]. == Differences from Ruby String and Regexp classes === UString vs String 1. UString substring/index methods use UTF16 codeunit indexes, not code points. 2. UString supports most methods from String class. Missing methods are: capitalize, capitalize!, swapcase, swapcase! %, center, ljust, rjust chomp, chomp!, chop, chop! \ count, delete, delete!, squeeze, squeeze!, tr, tr!, tr_s, tr_s! crypt, intern, sum, unpack dump, each_byte, each_line hex, oct, to_i, to_sym reverse, reverse! succ, succ!, next, next!, upto 3. Instead of String#% method, UString#format is provided. See FORMATTING for short reference. 4. UStrings can be created via String.to_u(encoding='utf8') or global u(str,[encoding='utf8']) calls. Note that +encoding+ parameter must be value of String class. 5. There's difference between character grapheme, codepoint and codeunit. See UNICODE reports for gory details, but in short: locale dependent notion of character can be presented using more than one codepoint - base letter and combining (accents) (also possible more than one!), and each codepoint can require more than one codeunit to store (for UTF8 codeunit size is 8bit, though \ some codepoints require up to 4bytes). So, UString has normalization and locale dependent break iterators. 6. Currently UString doesn't include Enumerable module. 7. UString index/[] methods which accept URegexp, throw exception if Regexp passed. 8. UString#<=>, UString#casecmp use UCA rules. === URegexp UString uses ICU regexp library. Pattern syntax is described in [./docs/UNICODE_REGEXPS] and ICU docs. There are some differences between processing in Ruby Regexp and URegexp: 1. When UString#sub, UString#gsub are called with block, special vars ($~, $&, $1, ...) aren't set, as their values are processed through deep ruby core code. Instead, block receives UMatch object, which is essentially immutable array of matching groups: "test".u.gsub(ure("(e)(.)")) do |match| \ puts match[0] # => 'es' <--> $& puts match[1] # => 'e' \ <--> $1 puts match[2] # => 's' <--> $2 end 2. In URegexp search pattern backreferences are in form \n (\1, \2, ...), in replacement string - in form $1, $2, ... NOTE: URegexp considers char to be a digit NOT ONLY ASCII (0x0030-0x0039), but any Unicode char, which has property Decimal digit number (Nd), e.g.: a = [?$, 0x1D7D9].pack("U*").u * 2 puts a.inspect_names <U000024>DOLLAR SIGN <U01D7D9>MATHEMATICAL DOUBLE-STRUCK DIGIT ONE <U000024>DOLLAR SIGN <U01D7D9>MATHEMATICAL DOUBLE-STRUCK DIGIT ONE puts "abracadabra".u.gsub(/(b)/.U, a) abbracadabbra \ 3. One can create URegexp using global Kernel#ure function, Regexp#U, Regexp#to_u, or from UString using URegexp.new, e.g: /pattern/.U =~ "string".u 4. There are differences about Regexp and URegexp multiline matching options: t = "text\ntest" # ^,$ handling : URegexp multiline <-> Ruby default t.u =~ ure('^\w+$', URegexp::MULTILINE) => #<UMatch:0xf6f7de04 @ranges=[0..3], @cg=[\u0074\u0065\u0078\u0074]> t =~ /^\w+$/ => 0 # . matches \n : URegexp DOTALL <-> /m t.u =~ ure('.+test', URegexp::DOTALL) \ => #<UMatch:0xf6fa4d88 ... t.u =~ /.+test/m 5. UMatch.range(idx) returns range for capturing group idx. This range is in codeunits. === References 1. ICU Official Homepage http://ibm.com/software/globalization/icu/ 2. ICU downloads \ http://ibm.com/software/globalization/icu/downloads.jsp 3. ICU Home Page http://icu.sf.net 4. Unicode Home Page http://www.unicode.org ==== BUGS, DOCS, TO DO The code is slow and inefficient yet, is still highly experimental, so can have many security and memory leaks, bugs, inconsistent documentation, incomplete test suite. Use it at your own risk. Bug reports and feature requests are welcome :) === Copying This extension module is copyrighted free software by Nikolai Lugovoi. You can redistribute it and/or modify it under the terms of MIT License. Nikolai Lugovoi <meadow.nnick@gmail.com>

Version 1.0.1 Update Notes: -Updated README "HOW TO RUN" -I'm not sure how to format this so it looks good on the gems website so please just see the README file. USE CASES: 1. Your friends bully you because your imaginary role playing worlds are predictable and boring. 2. You like seeing chars printed in nifty patterns. HOW TO RUN: 1. Run `super_simple_world_builder` 2. Follow the prompts EXAMPLE INPUT: Guten Tag! Welcome to Super Simple World Builder. Enter 1 to build a random world Enter 2 to build a custom world Please enter your selection (1, 2, or exit): 2 Enter the name of your world: Community-Town Enter the minimum width of the world: 15 Enter the minimum height of the world: 15 What character do you want to fill the background of your world with? (i.e. any character or single space) How many lake features do you want? 3 How many mountain features do you want? 2 How many town features do you want? 3 How many forest features do you want? 4 OUTPUT: 1. Console print out of the world map 2. A text file of the world map ACHTUNG: 1. Don't worry if the width or height entered is too small. The world will automatically enlarge to fit all features. 2. World maps look better when you enter a <space> as the character to fill the background. 3. This is a quick-and-dirty project so yolo with the specs. I added comments as a consolation prize. 4. See `feature_set.rb` to tweak the features that can be added to the world map. 5. Interestingly, menu prompts may not show up in the git bash terminal. But they do show up in Windows command prompt, so lmao. 6. Feel free to tweak the code however you like. I plan to refactor in the future to dry up some sections.

== Terminal UIs, the Ruby Way RatatuiRuby[https://rubygems.org/gems/ratatui_ruby] is a RubyGem built on Ratatui[https://ratatui.rs], a leading TUI library written in Rust[https://rust-lang.org]. You get native performance with the joy of Ruby. gem install ratatui_ruby {rdoc-image:https://ratatui-ruby.dev/hero.gif}[https://www.ratatui-ruby.dev/docs/v0.10/examples/app_cli_rich_moments/README_md.html] === Rich Moments Add a spinner, a progress bar, or an inline menu to your CLI script. No full-screen takeover. Your terminal history stays intact. ==== Inline Viewports Standard TUIs erase themselves on exit. Your carefully formatted CLI output disappears. Users lose their scrollback. <b>Inline viewports</b> solve this. They occupy a fixed number of lines, render rich UI, then leave the output in place when done. Perfect for spinners, menus, progress indicators—any brief moment of richness. require "ratatui_ruby" RatatuiRuby.run(viewport: :inline, height: 1) do |tui| until connected? status = tui.paragraph(text: "\#{spin} Connecting...") tui.draw { |frame| frame.render_widget(status, frame.area) } end end === Build Something Real Full-screen applications with {keyboard and mouse input}[https://www.ratatui-ruby.dev/docs/v0.10/examples/app_all_events/README_md.html]. The managed loop sets up the terminal and restores it on exit, even after crashes. RatatuiRuby.run do |tui| loop do tui.draw do |frame| frame.render_widget( tui.paragraph(text: "Hello, RatatuiRuby!", alignment: :center), frame.area ) end case tui.poll_event in { type: :key, code: "q" } then break else nil end end end ==== Widgets included: [Layout] {Block}[https://www.ratatui-ruby.dev/docs/v0.10/examples/widget_block/README_md.html], {Center}[https://www.ratatui-ruby.dev/docs/v0.10/examples/widget_center/README_md.html], {Clear (Popup, Modal)}[https://www.ratatui-ruby.dev/docs/v0.10/examples/widget_popup/README_md.html], {Layout (Split, Grid)}[https://www.ratatui-ruby.dev/docs/v0.10/examples/widget_layout_split/README_md.html], {Overlay}[https://www.ratatui-ruby.dev/docs/v0.10/examples/widget_overlay/README_md.html] [Data] {Bar Chart}[https://www.ratatui-ruby.dev/docs/v0.10/examples/widget_barchart/README_md.html], {Chart}[https://www.ratatui-ruby.dev/docs/v0.10/examples/widget_chart/README_md.html], {Gauge}[https://www.ratatui-ruby.dev/docs/v0.10/examples/widget_gauge/README_md.html], {Line Gauge}[https://www.ratatui-ruby.dev/docs/v0.10/examples/widget_line_gauge/README_md.html], {Sparkline}[https://www.ratatui-ruby.dev/docs/v0.10/examples/widget_sparkline/README_md.html], {Table}[https://www.ratatui-ruby.dev/docs/v0.10/examples/widget_table/README_md.html] [Text] {Cell}[https://www.ratatui-ruby.dev/docs/v0.10/examples/widget_cell/README_md.html], {List}[https://www.ratatui-ruby.dev/docs/v0.10/examples/widget_list/README_md.html], {Rich Text (Line, Span)}[https://www.ratatui-ruby.dev/docs/v0.10/examples/widget_rich_text/README_md.html], {Scrollbar (Scroll)}[https://www.ratatui-ruby.dev/docs/v0.10/examples/widget_scrollbar/README_md.html], {Tabs}[https://www.ratatui-ruby.dev/docs/v0.10/examples/widget_tabs/README_md.html] [Graphics] {Calendar}[https://www.ratatui-ruby.dev/docs/v0.10/examples/widget_calendar/README_md.html], {Canvas}[https://www.ratatui-ruby.dev/docs/v0.10/examples/widget_canvas/README_md.html], {Map (World Map)}[https://www.ratatui-ruby.dev/docs/v0.10/examples/widget_map/README_md.html] Need something else? {Build custom widgets}[https://www.ratatui-ruby.dev/docs/v0.10/doc/concepts/custom_widgets_md.html] in Ruby! --- === Testing Built In TUI testing is tedious. You need a headless terminal, event injection, snapshot comparisons, and style assertions. RatatuiRuby bundles all of it. require "ratatui_ruby/test_helper" class TestColorPicker < Minitest::Test include RatatuiRuby::TestHelper def test_swatch_widget with_test_terminal(10, 3) do RatatuiRuby.draw do |frame| frame.render_widget(Swatch.new(:red), frame.area) end assert_cell_style 2, 1, char: "█", bg: :red end end end ==== What's inside: - <b>Headless terminal</b> — No real TTY needed - <b>Snapshots</b> — Plain text and rich (ANSI colors) - <b>Event injection</b> — Keys, mouse, paste, resize - <b>Style assertions</b> — Color, bold, underline at any cell - <b>Test doubles</b> — Mock frames and stub rects - <b>UPDATE_SNAPSHOTS=1</b> — Regenerate baselines in one command --- ==== Inline Menu Example require "ratatui_ruby" # This example renders an inline menu. Arrow keys select, enter confirms. # The menu appears in-place, preserving scrollback. When the user chooses, # the TUI closes and the script continues with the selected value. class RadioMenu CHOICES = ["Production", "Staging", "Development"] # ASCII strings are universally supported. PREFIXES = { active: "●", inactive: "○" } # Some terminals may not support Unicode. CONTROLS = "↑/↓: Select | Enter: Choose | Ctrl+C: Cancel" # Let users know what keys you handle. TITLES = ["Select Environment", # The default title position is top left. { content: CONTROLS, # Multiple titles can save space. position: :bottom, # Titles go on the top or bottom, alignment: :right }] # aligned left, right, or center def call # This method blocks until a choice is made. RatatuiRuby.run(viewport: :inline, height: 5) do |tui| # RatauiRuby.run manages the terminal. @tui = tui # The TUI instance is safe to store. show_menu until chosen? # You can use any loop keyword you like. end # `run` won't return until your block does, RadioMenu::CHOICES[@choice] # so you can use it synchronously. end # Classes like RadioMenu are convenient for private # CLI authors to offer "rich moments." def show_menu = @tui.draw do |frame| # RatatuiRuby gives you low-level access. widget = @tui.paragraph( # But the TUI facade makes it easy to use. text: menu_items, # Text can be spans, lines, or paragraphs. block: @tui.block(borders: :all, titles: TITLES) # Blocks give you boxes and titles, and hold ) # one or more widgets. We only use one here, frame.render_widget(widget, frame.area) # but "area" lets you compose sub-views. end def chosen? # You are responsible for handling input. interaction = @tui.poll_event # Every frame, you receive an event object: return choose if interaction.enter? # Key, Mouse, Resize, Paste, FocusGained, # FocusLost, or None objects. They come with move_by(-1) if interaction.up? # predicates, support pattern matching, and move_by(1) if interaction.down? # can be inspected for properties directly. quit! if interaction.ctrl_c? # Your application must handle every input, false # even interrupts and other exit patterns. end def choose # Here, the loop is about to exit, and the prepare_next_line # block will return. The inline viewport @choice # will be torn down and the terminal will end # be restored, but you are responsible for # positioning the cursor. def prepare_next_line # To ensure the next output is on a new area = @tui.viewport_area # line, query the viewport area and move RatatuiRuby.cursor_position = [0, area.y + area.height] # the cursor to the start of the last line. puts # Then print a newline. end def quit! # All of your familiar Ruby control flow prepare_next_line # keywords work as expected, so we can exit 0 # use them to leave the TUI. end def move_by(line_count) # You are in full control of your UX, so @choice = (@choice + line_count) % CHOICES.size # you can implement any logic you need: end # Would you "wrap around" here, or not? # def menu_items = CHOICES.map.with_index do |choice, i| # Notably, RatatuiRuby has no concept of "\#{prefix_for(i)} \#{choice}" # "menus" or "radio buttons". You are in end # full control, but it also means you must def prefix_for(choice_index) # implement the logic yourself. For larger return PREFIXES[:active] if choice_index == @choice # applications, consider using Rooibos, PREFIXES[:inactive] # an MVU framework built with RatatuiRuby. end # Or, use the upcoming ratatui-ruby-kit, # our object-oriented component library. def initialize = @choice = 0 # However, those are both optional, and end # designed for full-screen Terminal UIs. # RatatuiRuby will always give you the most choice = RadioMenu.new.call # control, and is enough for "rich CLI puts "You chose \#{choice}!" # moments" like this one. --- === Full App Solutions RatatuiRuby renders. For complex applications, add a framework that manages state and composition. ==== Rooibos[https://www.rooibos.run] (Framework) Model-View-Update architecture. Inspired by Elm, Bubble Tea, and React + Redux. Your UI is a pure function of state. - Functional programming with MVU - Commands work off the main thread - Messages, not callbacks, drive updates ==== {Kit}[https://sr.ht/~kerrick/ratatui_ruby/#chapter-3-the-object-path--kit] (Coming Soon) Component-based architecture. Encapsulate state, input handling, and rendering in reusable pieces. - OOP with stateful components - Separate UI state from domain logic - Built-in focus management & click handling Both use the same widget library and rendering engine. Pick the paradigm that fits your brain. --- === Why RatatuiRuby? Ruby deserves world-class terminal user interfaces. TUI developers deserve a world-class language. RatatuiRuby wraps Rust's Ratatui via native extension. The Rust library handles rendering. Your Ruby code handles design. >>> "Text UIs are seeing a renaissance with many new TUI libraries popping up. The Ratatui bindings have proven to be full featured and stable." — {Mike Perham}[https://www.mikeperham.com/], creator of Sidekiq[https://sidekiq.org/] and Faktory[https://contribsys.com/faktory/] ==== Why Rust? Why Ruby? Rust excels at low-level rendering. Ruby excels at expressing domain logic and UI. RatatuiRuby puts each language where it performs best. ==== Versus CharmRuby CharmRuby[https://charm-ruby.dev/] wraps Charm's Go libraries. Both projects give Ruby developers TUI options. [Integration] CharmRuby: Two runtimes, one process. RatatuiRuby: Native extension in Rust. [Runtime] CharmRuby: Go + Ruby (competing). RatatuiRuby: Ruby (Rust has no runtime). [Memory] CharmRuby: Two uncoordinated GCs. RatatuiRuby: One Garbage Collector. [Style] CharmRuby: The Elm Architecture (TEA). RatatuiRuby: TEA, OOP, or Imperative. --- === Links [Get Started] {Quickstart}[https://www.ratatui-ruby.dev/docs/v0.10/doc/getting_started/quickstart_md.html], {Examples}[https://www.ratatui-ruby.dev/docs/v0.10/examples/app_cli_rich_moments/README_md.html], {API Reference}[https://www.ratatui-ruby.dev/docs/v0.10/], {Guides}[https://www.ratatui-ruby.dev/docs/v0.10/doc/index_md.html] [Ecosystem] Rooibos[https://www.rooibos.run], {Kit}[https://sr.ht/~kerrick/ratatui_ruby/#chapter-3-the-object-path--kit] (Planned), {Framework}[https://sr.ht/~kerrick/ratatui_ruby/#chapter-5-the-framework] (Planned), {UI Widgets}[https://sr.ht/~kerrick/ratatui_ruby/#chapter-6-licensing] (Planned) [Community] {Forum}[https://forum.setdef.com/c/ratatui-ruby/6], {Announcements}[https://forum.setdef.com/tags/c/ratatui-ruby/6/announcement], {Discussion}[https://forum.setdef.com/tags/c/ratatui-ruby/6/discussion], {Bug Tracker}[https://forum.setdef.com/tags/c/ratatui-ruby/6/bug] [Contribute] {Contributing Guide}[https://man.sr.ht/~kerrick/ratatui_ruby/contributing.md], {Code of Conduct}[https://man.sr.ht/~kerrick/ratatui_ruby/code_of_conduct.md], {Project History}[https://man.sr.ht/~kerrick/ratatui_ruby/history/index.md], {Pull Requests}[https://forum.setdef.com/tags/c/ratatui-ruby/6/patch] --- [Website] https://www.ratatui-ruby.dev [Source] https://github.com/setdef/RatatuiRuby [RubyGems] https://rubygems.org/gems/ratatui_ruby [Upstream] https://ratatui.rs [Build Status] https://builds.sr.ht/~kerrick/ratatui_ruby © 2026 Kerrick Long · Library: LGPL-3.0-or-later · Website: CC-BY-NC-ND-4.0 · Snippets: MIT-0

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